The+Civil+War+(England)


 * The Civil War **

The Civil War in England, also called the Great Rebellion, started in 1642, because the parliament and King Charles I, disagreed about who should have most power. On the opposite side of Charles I and his son Charles II, some Scottish covenants and confederates from Ireland, fought for the parliament. The war was divided into three parts, the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd. Charles had his headquarter in Oxford, and besides that he had the north and west part of England and Wales. The Parliament had control over the wealthier part of England, which include London. Charles had to capture London to win. Both sides had huge armies, which were about 60.000-70.000 men.

A picture of Oliver Cromwell - general King Charles I - Royalist on the parliaments side

The parliament won the first English civil war, because they received assistance from Scotland. The royalists received help from Ireland, and that lead to the second part of the war. In 1648 the English king and the royalists signed an agreement with the Scottish covenants. The Scots promised to join royalist forces, but while invading England, the parliament forces fought them and made them retreat.



The third English civil war was fought on Scottish ground, after the execution of Charles I and the crowning of his son Charles II. Oliver Cromwell invaded Scotland in the pursuit for the new king, while successful in beating the Scottish army, the Scots even raised another army to invade England in 1651. The new army was destroyed and the civil war ended with Charles II’s flight to France.

King Charles II

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